Evidence shows that stress has a physical (objective) and psychological (subjective) component. The stress response enables adaptation and is measured by neuroendocrine and behavioural indices. Chronic stress results from overwhelming stress that cannot be resolved. In such circumstances, the systemic levels of molecular mediators of stress remain high, resulting in the compromise of the immune system and long-term damage to multiple organs and tissues.

The Link Between Chronic Stress and Sickness Behavior

Chronic stress results in sickness behaviour, which includes symptoms similar to those of depressive disorders such as social withdrawal, decreased physical activity, fatigue, somnolence, mood, and cognitive alterations. The chemical messengers called cytokines facilitate this reaction, diverting the individual from normal activities to conserve energy. Persistent stress results in sustained cytokine signalling in the brain, preventing the resolution of sickness behaviour and consequently degenerating the individual towards depression.

The Brain-Body Connection: Neuroimmune Axis Dysfunction

An axis defines the interaction between the nervous system and peripheral tissues and organs (brain-body). A dysfunctional neuroimmune axis results in a state of chronic low-grade inflammation (both central and peripheral), which is a prelude to various illnesses such as cardiovascular dysfunction, diabetes, cancer, autoimmune syndromes, and mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety disorders.

Chronic Stress and Its Role in Inflammation and Disease

Chronic stress elevates the chronic low-grade inflammatory load, which in turn contributes to the early process, progression, and thrombotic complications of atherosclerosis. Stress also correlates with the aetiology of tumour growth, progression, and metastasis. Continuing stress results in cognitive, emotional, and behavioural dysfunctions, which can potentially lead to psychiatric disorders.

The Benefits of Physical Exercise in Managing Stress

Physical exercise can sustain brain health by regulating the production of neurotransmitters and inflammatory molecules. This translates to a general enhancement of cognitive abilities and a reduced risk of neurodegenerative diseases and depression. Such activity stimulates peripheral tissues like skeletal muscles, which relieves symptoms of stress.

Preventive Therapies for Chronic Stress at Sammprada Hospital

Sammprada Hospital promotes yoga and meditation as two forms of therapy to prevent chronic stress. These practices help individuals manage stress and mitigate its impact on chronic diseases.